 BetterPhoto Member |
how do I know the settings to use i need help remembering about f stops, how to use the focuses etc
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Roland Towey |
Hi maria,F stop is the size of the appeture in the lens.The larger the appeture ,the more light enters the lens .Confusingly the f numbers marked on your lens barrel,f22 is a smaller appeture size & the f4 is larger.If you chose a larger size appeture you have to chose a faster shutter speed.If you chose a smaller iris ,you have to chose a slower shutter speed.The reason you must do this is to get the correct exposure.If you chose a large appeture and a slow shutter speed you might get over exposure.if you chose a small appeture & fast shutter speed you might get underexposure. You have to set the correct combination of f stop & shutter speed.to get the right exposure.Thats why you use a light meter,fitted to most modern cameras.If yours hasn`t,then you use an independent light meter. Thats exposure .But why do you need different setting?One of the reasons for changing the f stop to a larger size is to give a small depth of field.For instance If you wanted to take a photo of a person you might want to `fudge `the back ground so they would standout and not compete with the back ground to do this select a large f number,maybe f4.If your camera has built in meter it will select correct fast shutter speed.You would use these setting to freeze the motion of a runner in action.If you want the opposite effect.Say a landscape you would select a large f number in the region of f16-f22.so your photo would be in focus from the forefront to the back ground .The camera would set a slower shutter speed.You would also use this range of exposure to blur a runner as they moved.To give the feeling of movement in your photo. Use a small f number(large appeture).for small depth of field. Use a large f number (small appeture).for large depth of field. Focus is used to get a clear image.If you are using a manual camera or an automatic in manual mode .You twist the barrel of your lens whilst observing the image .You will notice the image becoming clearer as it becomes in focus.These cameras often have some method of indicating you are in focus.A`split image` indicator or matte image.When these are alighned your image is in focus. If you are using a auto-focus camera the focus is done automatically. Hope this answers some of you quires. Regards Roland
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